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Definição e significado de Human_T-lymphotropic_virus

Definição

Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type IV (n.)

1.(MeSH)An HIV species related to HIV-1 but carrying different antigenic components and with differing nucleic acid composition. It shares serologic reactivity and sequence homology with the simian Lentivirus SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and infects only T4-lymphocytes expressing the CD4 phenotypic marker.

Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type IV (n.)

1.(MeSH)An HIV species related to HIV-1 but carrying different antigenic components and with differing nucleic acid composition. It shares serologic reactivity and sequence homology with the simian Lentivirus SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and infects only T4-lymphocytes expressing the CD4 phenotypic marker.

Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Associated Myelopathy (n.)

1.(MeSH)A subacute paralytic myeloneuropathy occurring endemically in tropical areas such as the Caribbean, Colombia, India, and Africa, as well as in the southwestern region of Japan; associated with infection by HUMAN T-CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS I. Clinical manifestations include a slowly progressive spastic weakness of the legs, increased reflexes, Babinski signs, incontinence, and loss of vibratory and position sensation. On pathologic examination inflammatory, demyelination, and necrotic lesions may be found in the spinal cord. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1239)

Human T Lymphotropic Virus Associated Leukemia Lymphoma (n.)

1.(MeSH)Aggressive T-Cell malignancy with adult onset, caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1. It is endemic in Japan, the Caribbean basin, Southeastern United States, Hawaii, and parts of Central and South America and sub-Saharan Africa.

Human T Lymphotropic Virus-Associated Leukemia-Lymphoma (n.)

1.(MeSH)Aggressive T-Cell malignancy with adult onset, caused by HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1. It is endemic in Japan, the Caribbean basin, Southeastern United States, Hawaii, and parts of Central and South America and sub-Saharan Africa.

Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type III (n.)

1.(MeSH)Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.

Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III (n.)

1.(MeSH)Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.

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Human T-lymphotropic virus

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Human T-lymphotropic virus
Virus classification
Group:Group VI (ssRNA-RT)
Family:Retroviridae'
Subfamily:Orthoretrovirinae
Genus:Deltaretrovirus
Species:Simian T-lymphotropic virus
Serotypes

Human T-lymphotropic virus

The Human T-lymphotropic virus Type I (HTLV-1) is a human RNA retrovirus that causes T-cell leukemia and T-cell lymphoma in adults and may also be involved in certain demyelinating diseases, including tropical spastic paraparesis. The HTLV-1 genome is diploid, composed of two copies of a single-stranded RNA virus whose genome is copied into a double-stranded DNA form that integrates into the host cell genome, at which point the virus is referred to as a provirus. Adult T-lymphotropic virus (ATLV) is a strain of this disease that affects primarily adults. A closely related virus is bovine leukemia virus BLV.

Contents

HTLV-I

HTLV-I is an abbreviation for the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, also called the Adult T-cell lymphoma virus type 1, a virus that has been seriously implicated in several kinds of diseases including HTLV-I-associated myelopathy, Strongyloides stercoralis hyper-infection, and a virus cancer link for leukemia (see adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma). Between one in twenty and one in twenty-five infected persons are thought to develop cancer as a result of the virus.

HTLV-II

A virus closely related to HTLV-I, HTLV-II shares approximately 70% genomic homology (structural similarity) with HTLV-I.

HTLV-III and HTLV-IV

The terms "HTLV-III" and "HTLV-IV" have been used to describe recently characterized viruses.[1][2][3]

These viruses were discovered in 2005 in rural Cameroon, and were apparently transmitted from monkeys to hunters of monkeys through bites and scratches.

  • HTLV-III is similar to STLV-III (Simian T-lymphotropic virus 3).[citation needed] Multiple strains have been identified.[4] It expresses gag, pol, and env, among other proteins.[5]
  • HTLV-IV does not resemble any known virus.

It is not yet known how much further transmission has occurred among humans, or whether the viruses can cause disease.

The use of these names can cause some confusion, because the name HTLV-III was the former name of HIV in early AIDS literature, but has since fallen out of use.[6].Now Lentivirus is used instead. Also, the name HTLV-IV has been used to describe HIV-2.[7]

References

  1. ^ Mahieux R, Gessain A (2005). [Expression error: Missing operand for > "New human retroviruses: HTLV-3 and HTLV-4"]. Med Trop (Mars) 65 (6): 525–8. PMID 16555510. 
  2. ^ Calattini S, Chevalier S, Duprez R, Afonso P, Froment A, Gessain A, Mahieux R (2006). [Expression error: Missing operand for > "Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 3: complete nucleotide sequence and characterization of the human tax3 protein"]. J Virol 80 (19): 9876–88. doi:10.1128/JVI.00799-06. PMID 16973592. 
  3. ^ Mahieux R, Gessain A (May 2008). "The human HTLV-3 and HTLV-4 retroviruses: New members of the HTLV family". Pathol. Biol. 57: 161. doi:10.1016/j.patbio.2008.02.015. PMID 18456423. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0369-8114(08)00039-4. 
  4. ^ Calattini S, Betsem E, Bassot S, et al. (December 2008). "New Strain of Human T Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) Type 3 in a Pygmy from Cameroon with Peculiar HTLV Serologic Results". J. Infect. Dis. 199: 561. doi:10.1086/596206. PMID 19099485. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/596206?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 
  5. ^ Chevalier SA, Ko NL, Calattini S, et al. (July 2008). "Construction and characterization of a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 3 infectious molecular clone". J. Virol. 82 (13): 6747–52. doi:10.1128/JVI.00247-08. PMID 18417569. PMC 2447071. http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=18417569. 
  6. ^ MeSH Human+T-Lymphotropic+Virus+Type+III
  7. ^ MeSH Human+T+Lymphotropic+Virus+Type+IV

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