definição e significado de Sewage | sensagent.com


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alemão búlgaro chinês croata dinamarquês eslovaco esloveno espanhol estoniano farsi finlandês francês grego hebraico hindi holandês húngaro indonésio inglês islandês italiano japonês korean letão língua árabe lituano malgaxe norueguês polonês português romeno russo sérvio sueco tailandês tcheco turco vietnamês

Definição e significado de Sewage

Definição

sewage (n.)

1.waste matter carried away in sewers or drains

Sewage (n.)

1.(MeSH)Refuse liquid or waste matter carried off by sewers. (Webster, 3d ed)

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Merriam Webster

SewageSew"age (?), n.
1. The contents of a sewer or drain; refuse liquids or matter carried off by sewers

2. Sewerage, 2.

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Definiciones (más)

definição - Wikipedia

Sinónimos

Sewage (n.) (MeSH)

Sludge  (MeSH)

sewage (n.)

sewer, sewerage

Ver também

sewage (n.)

sewer worker

Locuções

Angang Sewage Disposal Plant • Bullskin Township/Connellsville Township Joint Sewage Authority • Chemical Building, Fields Point Sewage Treatment Plant • Diffuser (sewage) • Ernest Street Sewage Pumping Station • Hyperion sewage treatment plant • Maceration (sewage) • North Surrey Joint Sewage Board railways • Onsite sewage facility • Reservoir Avenue Sewage Pumping Station • Return Sludge Pumping Station, Fields Point Sewage Treatment Plant • Sewage Plant in Bubeneč (Prague) • Sewage collection and disposal • Sewage disposal • Sewage diver • Sewage farm • Sewage plant • Sewage pumping • Sewage sludge treatment • Sewage tank • Sewage treatment • Sha Tin Sewage Treatment Works • Sludge Press House, Fields Point Sewage Treatment Plant • Surfers Against Sewage • Two Bridges Sewage Authority (New Jersey) • Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority • Washington Park Sewage Pumping Station • Werribee Sewage Farm

Dicionario analógico

Wikipedia

Sewage

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File:Nygrand 2 mars 2007.JPG
A preserved medieval waste pipe in Stockholm Old Town used to guide sewage onto the street where rain eventually would carry it away.

Sewage is water-carried wastes, in either solution or suspension, that is intended flow away from a community. Also known as wastewater flows, sewage is the used water supply of the community. It is more than 99.9% pure water and is characterized by its volume or rate of flow, its physical condition, its chemical constituents, and the bacteriological organisms that it contains. Depending on their origin, wastewater can be classed as sanitary, commercial, industrial,agricultural or surface runoff.

The spent water from residences and institutions, carrying body wastes, washing water, food preparation wastes, laundry wastes, and other waste products of normal living, are classed as domestic or sanitary sewage. Liquid-carried wastes from stores and service establishments serving the immediate community, termed commercial wastes, are included in the sanitary or domestic sewage category if their characteristics are similar to household flows. Wastes that result from an industrial process or the production or manufacture of goods are classed as industrial wastes. Their flows and strengths are usually more varied, intense, and concentrated than those of sanitary sewage. Surface runoff, also known as storm flow or overland flow, is that portion of precipitation that runs rapidly over the ground surface to a defined channel. Precipitation absorbs gases and particulates from the atmosphere, dissolves and leaches materials from vegetation and soil, suspends matter from the land, washes spills and debris from urban streets and highways, and carries all these pollutants as wastes in its flow to a collection point.

Wastewater from all of these sources may carry pathogenic organisms that can transmit disease to humans and other animals; contain organic matter that can cause odor and nuisance problems; hold nutrients that may cause eutrophication of receiving water bodies; and can lead to ecotoxicology. Proper collection and safe, nuisance-free disposal of the liquid wastes of a community are legally recognized as a necessity in an urbanized, industrialized society[1]

Formerly "sewage" also meant "sewerage". Sometimes in the USA "sewerage" means "sewage".[2][3]

Contents

Etymology

  • The words 'sewage' and 'sewer' come from Old French seuwiere or from Anglo-Norman sewere or from Anglo-French assewer, essiver meaning "(channel) to drain the overflow from a fish pond" or "to drain" and ultimately from Vulgar Latin *exaquaticum and *exaquarium, from the verb *exaquare = "to drain", from Latin ex- ‘out of’ + aqua ‘water’.[3]

Sewage services

Collection and disposal

A system of sewer pipes (sewers) collects sewage and takes it for treatment or disposal. The system of sewers is called sewerage or sewerage system (see London sewerage system) in UK English and sewage system in American English. Where a main sewerage system has not been provided, sewage may be collected from homes by pipes into septic tanks or cesspits, where it may be treated or collected in vehicles and taken for treatment or disposal.Properly functioning septic tanks require emptying every 2–5 years depending on the load of the system.

Sewage and waste water is also disposed of to rivers, streams and the sea in many parts of the world. Doing so can lead to serious pollution of the receiving water. This is common in third world countries and may still occur in some developed countries, where septic tank systems are too expensive.

Treatment

Sewage treatment is the process of removing the contaminants from sewage to produce liquid and solid (sludge) suitable for discharge to the environment or for reuse. It is a form of waste management. A septic tank or other on-site wastewater treatment system such as biofilters can be used to treat sewage close to where it is created.

Sewage water is a complex matrix, with many distinctive chemical characteristics. These include high concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, phosphorus, high conductivity (due to high dissolved solids), high alkalinity, with pH typically ranging between 7 and 8. Trihalomethanes are also likely to be present as a result of past disinfection.

In developed countries sewage collection and treatment is typically subject to local, state and federal regulations and standards.

Conversion to fertiliser

Sewage sludge can be collected through a sludge processing plant that automatically heats the matter and conveys it into fertiliser pellets (hereby removing possible contamination by chemical detergents, ...)[4] This approach allows to eliminate seawater pollution by conveying the water directly to the sea without treatment (a practice which is still common in developing countries, despite environmental regulation). Sludge plants are useful in areas that have already set-up a sewage-system, but not in areas without such a system, as composting toilets are more efficient and do not require sewage pipes (which break over time).

Electricity

Power can also be obtained from sewage water. The technique uses Microbial fuel cells.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "SEWAGE". McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. http://www.answers.com/topic/sewage. 
  2. ^ [1]
  3. ^ [2]
  4. ^ Sewage sludge to fertiliser plant

References

  • Sewage. (n.d.). McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. Retrieved April 2, 2009, from Answers.com Web site: http://www.answers.com/topic/sewage
  • Teresi, Dick; et al. (2002). Lost Discoveries: The Ancient Roots of Modern Science--from the Babylonians to the Maya. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 352. ISBN 0-684-83718-8. 

External links

 

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